Atbash Cipher is a substitution cipher with a specific key where the letters of the alphabet are reversed. I.e. all 'A's are replaced with 'Z's, all 'B's are replaced with 'Y's, and so on. It was originally used for the Hebrew alphabet, but can be used for any alphabet.
Beaufort Cipher, is a polyalphabetic substitution cipher that is similar to the Vigenère cipher, except that it enciphers characters in a slightly different manner.
Four-Square Cipher encrypts pairs of letters (like playfair), which makes it significantly stronger than substitution ciphers etc. since frequency analysis becomes much more difficult.